Olaparib is used to treat various types of cancer in adult patients with certain genetic mutations (e.g., BRCA).
Major indications include:
Ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer: as maintenance therapy following response to platinum-based chemotherapy.
Breast cancer: for the treatment of metastatic HER2-negative breast cancer with BRCA mutations.
Pancreatic cancer: as maintenance therapy in metastatic adenocarcinoma with BRCA mutations.
Prostate cancer: for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with certain mutations.
Dosage and Administration
Standard Dose: The recommended dose is 300 mg (two 150 mg tablets) twice daily. This gives a total daily dose of 600 mg.
Dosage time: Take the medication at approximately the same time twice daily, approximately 12 hours apart (e.g., morning and evening).
How to take: Swallow the tablets whole without chewing, dissolving, or crushing. They can be taken with or without food.
What to do if you miss a dose: If you miss a dose, take your next dose at the usual time. Do not take a double dose to make up for the missed dose.
Dose adjustment
Your doctor may reduce your dose based on your condition and tolerability.
Side effects: If side effects such as anemia, nausea, or fatigue occur, your doctor may temporarily interrupt treatment or reduce the dose. Initially, increase to 250 mg (one 150 mg tablet and one 100 mg tablet) twice daily, then to 200 mg (two 100 mg tablets) twice daily.
Drug interactions: Some medications may affect olaparib blood levels. For example, when taken concomitantly with certain antifungals or antibiotics (CYP3A inhibitors), the olaparib dose should also be reduced.
Important precautions and drug interactions
Blood tests: Regular blood monitoring is required during treatment. During the first 12 months, tests are typically performed monthly to monitor hemoglobin, platelet, and white blood cell levels.
Food interactions: Grapefruit, pomelo oranges, and their juices should be avoided during treatment, as they may increase blood levels of the drug and increase side effects.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding: This medication is strictly contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding, as it may cause fetal harm. Women of childbearing potential should use reliable contraception.
Possible side effects
The most common side effects include:
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.
Decreased appetite.
Headache, fatigue (asthenia).
Decreased hemoglobin levels (anemia), white blood cells, and platelets, which may manifest as weakness, paleness, increased fatigue, and susceptibility to infections.